Just a little bit about Dingoes vocal communications...

Just a little bit about vocal communications... Dingoes have quiet a broad vocal repertoire which are used in several situations such as during social interactions, when changes in the environment are noticed, in food-associated groupings and for large range communication. Which are generalised at locating mating partners, to locate other dingoes for regrouping, to express alarm, to warn pups and others of danger, and to signal when they find water. These are just a few. Dingoes have three basic forms of howling (moans, bark-howl, and snuffs) with at least 10 variations. Usually, three kinds of howls are distinguished: long and persistent, rising and ebbing, and short and abrupt. Every kind of howl has several variations, though their meanings are unknown. The frequency of howling varies depending on season and time of day, and is also influenced by breeding, migration, lactation, social stability, and dispersal behaviour. Also, howling can be more frequent in times of food shortage, because they become more widely distributed within their home range. Additionally, howling seems to have a group-function and is sometimes an expression of joy (for example, greeting-howls). It can happen that one dingo starts to howl, and several or all other dingoes howl back and bark from time to time. In the wilderness, dingoes howl over long distances to attract other members of the pack, to find other dingoes, and to keep intruders at bay. Dingoes howl in chorus with significant pitches and with increasing number of pack-members the variability of pitches also increases Therefore, it is suspected that dingoes can measure the size of a pack without visual contact. Moreover, it has been proposed that their highly variable chorus howls may generate a confounding effect to the receivers by making a pack size appear large - amazing species our Canis Dingo Although it's rare to hear a dingo bark, they do. A dingo bark is a lot sharper and more abrupt than that of domestic dogs. The bark howl is an agitated cry, started by one or several barks usually followed by a plateau howl. The bark howl is usually directed towards a threat. Then we have the snuff bark, which generally occurs when dingoes are startled, or unsure whether something is a threat. The sound is like a repeated sneeze. They take in air to smell the scent of an intruder so they can identify whether to fight or flee. They have nasal sounds, growl and snarl, woof and bark, howls, bark howl, whimper and whine and a yelp.